Definition: Oil shale is a type of sedimentary rock that is mixed with a solid form of crude oil. It is found very deep in Earth (Black layer in the image). We can extract the oil by mining and then heating the oil shale rock to drain off the fluid hydrocarbons. The recoverable deposit of oil shales is much greater than the total reserves of liquid crude oil, usually extracted by primary, secondary and tertiary oil recovery techniques. You can get much more oil from the oil shales.