BSL Glossary - Biology curriculum terms

adaptation adapted ancestral wild varieties camouflage environmental factor evolution extinct factor fertile offspring generation genetic mutation prey sex determination species survival

animal plankton aphid beetle cygnet earthworm flatworm fox frog invertebrate krill larva mammal mouse sand eel sea lion seal shrimp snail sperm whale spider stoat vertebrate wolf woodlouse

apparatus finger and stopwatch flask heart rate monitor microscope peak flow petri dish pulsometer

abundance atmosphere biodiversity breeds ecosystem food chain food web habitat key living organism native nocturnal population predator seasonal woodland

aerobic respiration bacteria bacterium carbohydrate cell cell - Interactive Diagram cell membrane cell structure cell wall cells Cellulose chlorophyll chloroplast component cytoplasm DNA fungal cell inflammation living cell Mitochondrion (mitochondria) Multicellular nucleus Organelle photosynthesis plant cell plant cell - diagram Plasmid protein Ribosome structure Ultrastructure Unicellular vacuole

Animal cell blood cell bone bone strength liver lung lymphocyte microorganism muscle organ pancreas stomach tissue

electrical impulse insulin menstrual cycle motor neurone/neuron period sensory neurone urine

Active site amino acid amylase antibody biological washing powder catalase chromosome clone degradation Denaturation desired product enzyme gene hormone hybrid identical genetic material macrophage non-biological washing powder Optimum pepsin peptide Receptor protein rennet saliva stain removal untreated blood

body fat exercise fitness hardening of arteries heart attack high blood pressure lung volume obese underweight

herbivore nutrient organic waste roots

bar graph conclusion control decrease diagram hypothesis increase material offset optimum pie chart pulse rate relationship reliable result resting pulse substance trend valid comparison

evaporated milk meat milk - evaporated mustard oatmeal pasteurised wheatmeal

fungus lichen

antibiotic carrier diabetes disease genetic engineering inflammation mutation selective breeding virus

energy for growth exhalation germination inhalation seed mass tidal volume (lung)

capillary in skin hypothermic sweat

eardrum middle ear oval window

atmospheric pollution cereal products commercial and industrial users conservation endangered environmental impact fertiliser fungicide genetic modification inflammation insecticide kill peat pesticide poisoning pollution (atmosphere) sewage transmission of disease

ADP anaerobic bacteria anaerobic respiration ATP brewing beer carpel cellular process destarch dough fermentation fermentation vessel fermenter gasohol germinating pea heat production lactic acid lactose leaf limiting factor malted barley microbe muscle contraction muscle fatigue oxygen pigment rate of production respiration starch ungerminated yeast

air (Chemistry) air sac artery blood cell blood plasma bloodstream blood supply blood vessel bronchi / bronchus bronchiole capillary capillary in skin capillary network carbon dioxide (Chemistry) circulatory system constriction deoxygenated blood diaphragm diffusion (gas) diffusion (liquid) dilation exhalation gas exchange hardening of arteries heart attack heart chamber heart rate monitor heart valve high blood pressure inhalation lung lung volume oxygen oxygenated blood peak flow physiology pulse rate pulsometer red blood cell respiration resting pulse tidal volume (lung) trachea / windpipe transport of oxygen vein

buttercup daisy dandelion lettuce pea plant plant plankton plantain

Aseptic techniques meiosis sterilise

artificial propagation bud bulb cabbage cultivation greenhouse pelleted seed plant propagation plantlet rooting rooting compound runner

amniotic sac anther dispersal external fertilisation fertilisation flower parts - Interactive diagram foetus / fetus gamete internal fertilisation nectar ovary / ovaries ovules (plant) ovum pea pod penis placenta pollen pollination puberty reproduction seed coat sex sperm sperm cell sperm production stamen stigma testes / testicles umbilical cord uterus vagina zygote

light intensity pitfall quadrat sampling technique

finger joint jawbone tendon

bone marrow embryo leukaemia organism skin cell stem cell

Adult/Tissue stem cells Allogenic cell therapy Animal-human hybrid Asymmetric division autologous cell therapy Blastocyst Cell culture Cell division/Cleavage Cell line Cell replacement therapy Differentiation Ectoderm Embryonic stem cells (ES cells) Endoderm Endogenous Exogenous Gastrulation Germ cells Haematopoietic stem cells (HS cells) Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells Inner cell mass Mesoderm Model Multipotent cells Organogenesis Pluripotent cells Receptor protein Regenerative Reprogramming Self-renewal Somatic cell Specialised cell Stem cell Stem cell line Stem cell therapy Tissue-specific cells Totipotent cells Zygote

diffusion (gas) diffusion (liquid) flaccid hypertonic hypotonic isotonic osmosis plasmolysed cell

artery blood plasma blood supply blood vessel bloodstream capillary capillary network circulatory system constriction deoxygenated blood dilation heart chamber heart valve nephron oxygenated blood red blood cell skin capillary valve vein

absorption air sac alimentary canal bronchi / bronchus bronchiole diaphragm digestion digestive enzyme digestive system fat fat molecule fibre food breakdown gas exchange gullet intestine - large intestine - small invertase kidney nephron rate of absorption trachea / windpipe transport of oxygen windpipe

loam phloem root cell division transport system (plants) xylem

allele broad bean co-dominant continuous variation crossed discontinuous variation dominant genotype heterozygous homozygous inherited phenotype polydactyl Punnett square recessive variation

Classification of species Species Genus Family Order Class Phylum Kingdom Binomial system Cetaceans Classify Cnidarians Community of species Competition Consumer Decomposers Producer Demersal (fishing) Pelagic (fishing) Detritivores Herbivores Carnivores Omnivores Ecological niche Endemic species Exoskeleton Flagship species Halophyte Interdependence K-selected species R-selected species Keystone species Photoautotroph Shellfish Stable community Taxon Subspecies

Abiotic Factor Biodiversity Biological corridor Biomass Biome Biotic factor Carrying capacity Distribution Environmental change Regeneration Rewilding Range of tolerance Self-supporting

Acoustic monitoring Beating tray Bias Colonisation media DAFOR scale Dendrochronology Environmental DNA (eDNA) Kick sampling Light traps Lincoln index Pollen analysis Simpson's index of biodiversity Surber sampler Sweep nets Tüllgren funnel

Biological control Neonicotinoids Pheromone trap Pyrethroids Sterile male techniques

Conservation Acoustic deterrent devices (FISHING) Captive breeding and release programmes (CBR) Debt for nature swaps Dolphin pingers Evolutionary, distinct and globally endangered species Ex-situ conservation Hard release In-situ conservation No-take zone (NTZ) Ramsar site Soft release

Climax community Deflected succession Ecological succession Pioneer species Plagioclimax Secondary succession Sere

Artificial insemination Biomimetics Culling Embryo transfer Eradication Interbreeding Natural selection Speciation Transgenics Vegetative propagation Vegetative propagation (natural) Vegetative propagation (artificial)

Sonograms

Aorta Artificial Pacemaker Atria/Atrium Coronary artery Dual (DOUBLE) circulatory system Haemoglobin Oxyhaemoglobin Platelets Vena cava Ventricles

Carbohydrase Lipase Protease

Cilia

Eukaryotic cell Prokaryotic cell

Active transport Passive transport Concentration gradient Exchange surface Selective/Partially permeable membrane

Genetic variation Genome X-Chromosome Y-Chromosome

Hormone Adrenal gland Adrenaline Endocrine gland Endocrine system Glucagon Glycogen Insulin Pituitary gland Brain Target organ Thyroxine Thyroid Homeostasis

Type 1 Diabetes Type 2 Diabetes

Teratogen Neurotoxin

Diarrhoea Vaccine Vaccination Dose (drugs)

Myelin sheath Nerve cell Neurone Sensory neurone Motor neurone Relay/inter neurone Synapse Central nervous system (CNS) Spinal cord Cerebrum Cerebellum Medulla Electrical impulse Reflex arc Reflex action Neurotoxin Nerve Dendron Nucleus (neurone) Nervous system Brain

Abiotic Factor absorption abundance Active site Active transport Acoustic deterrent devices (FISHING) Acoustic monitoring adaptation adapted ADP Adrenal gland Adrenaline Adult/Tissue stem cells aerobic respiration air sac alimentary canal allele Allogenic cell therapy amino acid amniotic sac amylase anaerobic bacteria anaerobic respiration ancestral wild varieties Animal cell Animal-human hybrid animal plankton anther antibiotic antibody Aorta aphid apparatus artery Artificial insemination Artificial Pacemaker artificial propagation Aseptic techniques Asymmetric division atmosphere atmospheric pollution ATP Atria/Atrium autologous cell therapy

bacteria bacterium bar graph Beating tray beetle Bias Binomial system Biodiversity Biological control Biological corridor biological washing powder Biomass Biome Biomimetics Biotic factor Blastocyst blood cell blood plasma bloodstream blood supply blood vessel body fat bone bone marrow bone strength Brain breeds brewing beer broad bean bronchi / bronchus bronchiole bud bulb buttercup

cabbage camouflage capillary capillary in skin capillary network Captive breeding and release programmes (CBR) Carbohydrase carbohydrate Carnivores carpel carrier Carrying capacity Cetaceans catalase cell cell - Interactive Diagram cells Cell culture Cell division/Cleavage Cell line cell membrane Cell replacement therapy cell structure cellular process Cellulose cell wall Central nervous system (CNS) cereal products Cerebellum Cerebrum chlorophyll chloroplast chromosome Cilia circulatory system Class Classification of species Classify Climax community clone Cnidarians co-dominant Colonisation media commercial and industrial users Community of species Competition component Concentration gradient conclusion conservation constriction Consumer continuous variation control Coronary artery crossed Culling cultivation cygnet cytoplasm

DAFOR scale daisy dandelion Debt for nature swaps Decomposers decrease Deflected succession Demersal (fishing) Dendrochronology degradation Denaturation Dendron deoxygenated blood desired product destarch Detritivores diabetes Diabetes, Type 1 Diabetes, Type 2 diagram diaphragm Diarrhoea Differentiation diffusion (gas) diffusion (liquid) digestion digestive enzyme digestive system dilation discontinuous variation disease dispersal Distribution DNA Dolphin pingers dominant Dose (drugs) dough Dual (DOUBLE) circulatory system

eardrum earthworm Ecological niche Ecological succession ecosystem Ectoderm electrical impulse Electrical impulse embryo Embryo transfer Embryonic stem cells (ES cells) endangered Endemic species Endocrine gland Endocrine system Endoderm Endogenous energy for growth Environmental change Environmental DNA (eDNA) environmental factor environmental impact enzyme Eradication Eukaryotic cell evaporated milk evolution Evolutionary, distinct and globally endangered species Exchange surface exercise exhalation Exogenous Exoskeleton Ex-situ conservation external fertilisation extinct

factor Family fat fat molecule fermentation fermentation vessel fermenter fertile offspring fertilisation fertiliser fibre finger joint finger and stopwatch fitness flaccid Flagship species flask flatworm foetus / fetus food breakdown food chain food web fox frog fungal cell fungicide fungus

gamete gas exchange Gastrulation gasohol gene Genus generation genetic engineering genetic modification genetic mutation Genetic variation Genome genotype Germ cells germinating pea germination Glucagon Glycogen greenhouse gullet

habitat Haematopoietic stem cells (HS cells) Haemoglobin Halophyte Hard release hardening of arteries heart attack heart chamber heart rate monitor heart valve heat production herbivore heterozygous high blood pressure Homeostasis homozygous hormone Hormone hybrid hypertonic hypothermic hypothesis hypotonic

identical genetic material increase Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells inflammation inhalation inherited Inner cell mass insecticide In-situ conservation insulin Insulin Interbreeding Interdependence internal fertilisation intestine - large intestine - small invertase invertebrate isotonic

J jawbone

K-selected species key Keystone species Kick sampling kidney nephron kill Kingdom krill

lactic acid lactose larva leaf lettuce leukaemia level of atmospheric pollution lichen light intensity Light traps limiting factor Lincoln index Lipase liver living cell living organism loam lung lung volume lymphocyte

macrophage malted barley mammal material meat Medulla meiosis menstrual cycle Mesoderm microorganism microscope middle ear milk - evaporated Mitochondrion (mitochondria) Model motor neurone/neuron Motor neurone mouse Multicellular Multipotent cells muscle muscle contraction muscle fatigue mustard mutation Myelin sheath

native Natural selection nectar Neonicotinoids nephron Nerve Nerve cell Nervous system Neurone Neurotoxin nocturnal non-biological washing powder No-take zone (NTZ) nucleus Nucleus (neurone) nutrient

oatmeal obese offset Omnivores optimum Order organ Organelle organic waste organism Organogenesis osmosis oval window ovary / ovaries ovules (plant) ovum oxygen oxygenated blood Oxyhaemoglobin

pancreas Passive transport pasteurised pea plant pea pod peak flow peat Pelagic (fishing) pelleted seed penis pepsin peptide period pesticide petri dish phenotype Pheromone trap Photoautotroph Phylum phloem photosynthesis physiology pie chart pigment Pioneer species pitfall Pituitary gland Plagioclimax placenta plant cell plant cell - diagram plant plankton plant propagation plantain plantlet Plasmid plasmolysed cell Platelets Pluripotent cells poisoning pollen Pollen analysis pollination pollution (atmosphere) polydactyl population predator prey Producer Prokaryotic cell Protease protein puberty pulse rate pulsometer Punnett square Pyrethroids

quadrat

R-selected species Ramsar site Range of tolerance rate of absorption rate of production recessive Receptor protein red blood cell Reflex action Reflex arc Regeneration Regenerative relationship Relay/inter neurone reliable result rennet reproduction Reprogramming respiration resting pulse Rewilding Ribosome roots root cell division rooting rooting compound runner

saliva sampling technique sand eel sea lion seal seasonal Secondary succession seed coat seed mass selective breeding Selective/Partially permeable membrane Self-renewal Self-supporting sensory neurone Sensory neurone Sere sewage sex sex determination Shellfish shrimp Simpson's index of biodiversity skin capillary skin cell snail Soft release Somatic cell Sonograms Specialised cell Speciation species sperm sperm cell sperm production sperm whale spider Spinal cord Stable community stain removal stamen starch Stem cell Stem cell line Sterile male techniques sterilise stigma stoat stomach structure Subspecies substance Surber sampler survival sweat Sweep nets Synapse

Target organ Taxon tendon Teratogen testes / testicles Thyroid Thyroxine tidal volume (lung) tissue Tissue-specific cells Totipotent cells trachea / windpipe Transgenics transmission of disease transport of oxygen transport system (plants) trend Tüllgren funnel Type 1 Diabetes Type 2 Diabetes

Ultrastructure umbilical cord underweight ungerminated Unicellular untreated blood urine uterus

Vaccination Vaccine vacuole vagina valid comparison valve variation Vegetative propagation Vegetative propagation (artificial) Vegetative propagation (natural) vein Vena cava Ventricles vertebrate virus

wheatmeal windpipe wolf woodland woodlouse

X-Chromosome xylem

Y-Chromosome yeast

zygote